Read an earlier discussion of this: What did European and American women use for menstruation in the 19th century and before?
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Part 3: Some facts about European underwear, 1700 - 1900, and its relationship to what women used for menstruation
(Part 1, Part 2)

The sun was setting on open-crotch underpants when this pair appeared, probably in the 1890s. Manufacturers offered both kinds as late as 1922 in America (see a section from the American Sears, Roebuck & Co. catalog) and even later in Germany. I suspect crotches closed because of shorter and looser, more clinging dresses, allowing women to reach under and pull their drawers down ("draw" means "pull") when on the toilet and to better conceal their vulvas if their dresses hiked up, as from the wind, or from a more active life than in former decades.

 

German Beinkleid - "leg clothes" - for a woman living at the end of the 19th century.
The arrow (which I added) points to the open crotch. (See
schematic drawings of American crotchless underpants from about 1890.) The German word for men's pants, "Hose," was considered indecent when applied to women's underpants - thus Beinkleid. From "Zur Geschichte der Unterwäsche 1700-1960."


So, what did European women use for menstruation?

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